Introduction The Legal Metrology (Indian Standard Time) Rules, 2026 establish Indian Standard Time (IST) as the country’s sole legally enforceable time reference, sourced directly from the CSIR National Physical Laboratory (CSIR NPL) in New Delhi. Regulatory Framework & Background …
Formally adopted in January 2003 following the 1998 Pokhran-II tests, India’s nuclear doctrine outlines the principles governing its strategic arsenal and defense posture. It establishes a credible minimum deterrent aimed at preventing nuclear aggression while strictly prioritizing regional stability and …
East Asia Summit (EAS) established in 2005 is a unique, leader-led forum dedicated to political, security, and economic cooperation in the Indo-Pacific region. It brings together 18 member countries—the 10 ASEAN states alongside 8 major dialogue partners, including India, China, …
A Super El Niño (also called a “Very Strong El Niño”) is an exceptionally powerful climate event in the central and eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean, characterized by sea surface temperatures rising far above historical averages. While a standard El Niño …
Partnership for Multilateralism (P4M) was launched in 2026 by the European Union, Brazil, Canada and Kenya, with India, Australia and Barbados as initial co-sponsors. It seeks to strengthen multilateralism, international law and more representative global governance, including reforms of the …
Legacy waste refers to old, accumulated municipal waste lying untreated at dumpsites for years due to inadequate scientific waste management. As of January 2026, India had identified 2,488 dumpsites containing nearly 25 crore MT of legacy waste; 1,138 dumpsites had …
The Consumer Protection (E-Commerce) (Amendment) Rules, 2026 amend the Consumer Protection (E-Commerce) Rules, 2020 to strengthen transparency, accountability and consumer protection in the digital marketplace, its notified under the broader framework of the Consumer Protection Act, 2019, these amendment rules …
Conceived by Dr. Homi J. Bhabha in the 1950s, India’s Three-Stage Nuclear Power Programme is a visionary long-term strategy designed to overcome the country’s scarce domestic uranium reserves and harness its abundant thorium deposits for sustainable energy independence. Stage I: …
E-waste refers to discarded electrical and electronic equipment such as computers, mobile phones, televisions and refrigerators. Rapid technological advancement, rising consumption and shorter product life cycles have made e-waste management a major environmental and public-health challenge in India. According to …
India’s Exports — FY 2025–26 Indicator FY 2025–26 Trend Total exports US$863.1 bn Record high Merchandise exports US$441.8 bn ~51.2% of total exports Services exports US$421.3 bn ~48.8% of total exports FY25 total exports US$825.3 bn FY26 increased by ~4.6% …