How are they classified?

• There are six types of security coverage: X, Y, Y-plus, Z, Z-plus, and SPG (Special Protection Group).
• Depending on the threat perception to the person, the category is allocated, with Z+ category being the highest
• The X category provides the most basic degree of security 
• SPG commandos cater to the PM, former PMs and their immediate family members as part of the z+ category of security cover. 
  • To read about SPG: https://officerspulse.com/special-protection-group-spg/
• The degree of protection required by each individual is determined by the Ministry of Home Affairs based on information provided by intelligence agencies such as the IB and R&AW.

Who pays for the security?

• Anyone to whom the government offers security following an assessment by intelligence agencies receives it free of charge.
• If a private individual applies for protection but their case has no impact on the government or civil society, the government might charge them for their security cover even after determining a threat to them.

Why in News:

• Hyderabad MP Asaduddin Owaisi  rejected the ‘Z’ category security

Reference:

1. https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/owaisi-rejects-z-security-asks-govt-to-file-case-under-uapa/article38377374.ece