About Ammonia

• Ammonia (NH₃) is a colorless gas with a characteristic pungent smell. 
• Ammonia is naturally present in the environment, often as a product of decay and decomposition of organic matter. It is also found in trace amounts in the atmosphere.
• Industrially, ammonia is produced through the Haber-Bosch process, which involves the reaction of nitrogen and hydrogen gases at high pressure and temperature in the presence of a catalyst.
• Ammonia is highly soluble in water,  and can form ammonium hydroxide.

Uses

• Fertilizer: One of the primary uses of ammonia is in the production of fertilizers. It serves as a key ingredient in the synthesis of ammonium nitrate and urea.
• Cleaning Agent: Ammonia is commonly used in household cleaning products for its ability to cut through grease and grime.
• Refrigerants: Large cold storage plants use ammonia as refrigerant.
• Industrial Processes: Ammonia is utilized in various industrial processes, including the production of chemicals and pharmaceuticals.

Exposure to Ammonia

• Most people are exposed to ammonia from inhalation of the gas or vapors. 
• The widespread use of ammonia on farms and in industrial and commercial locations also means that exposure can occur from an accidental release or from a deliberate terrorist attack.
• Exposure to high concentrations of ammonia in air causes immediate burning of the eyes, nose, throat and respiratory tract and can result in blindness, lung damage or death. Inhalation of lower concentrations can cause coughing, and nose and throat irritation.