PSLV C53

The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) successfully launched three Singaporean satellites in a commercial mission of the New Space India Limited.
In addition to the international payloads, the rocket also carried six experiments in its fourth stage, including two from Indian startups Digantara and Dhruva Space.
The PSLV Orbital Experiment Module (POEM) uses the spent fourth stage of the rocket as an in-orbit platform by adding solar panels, a battery, and a navigation control system.
- Usually, after putting the satellite in orbit, the rocket stages decay, return to the atmosphere and burn up. But, with the addition of a little power to keep the stage in orbit, they can be utilised for experiments.

Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) is the third generation launch vehicle of India. It is the first Indian launch vehicle to be equipped with liquid stages.
- It is a four-staged launch vehicle with first and third stages using solid rocket motors and second and fourth stages using liquid rocket engines.
PSLV has also been used to launch various satellites into Geosynchronous and Geostationary orbits
The vehicle successfully launched two spacecraft – Chandrayaan-1 in 2008 and Mars Orbiter Spacecraft in 2013 – that later traveled to Moon and Mars respectively

New Space India Limited, incorporated in 2019 (under the Companies Act, 2013) is a wholly owned Government of India company, under the administrative control of Department of Space (DOS). It was established in 2019.
NSIL is the commercial arm of ISRO with the primary responsibility of enabling Indian industries to take up high technology space related activities.
It is also responsible for promotion and commercial exploitation of the products and services emanating from the Indian space programme.
NSIL will be the nodal agency for carrying out PSLV production through Indian Industry under consortium route. The industry consortium will be responsible for producing, assembling and integrating the launch vehicle, by making use of the existing ISRO facilities under the Government-Owned Contractor-Operated (GOCO) model.
The major business areas of NSIL include:
- Production of Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) and Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV) through industry;
- Production and marketing of space-based services, including launch services and space-based applications like transponder leasing, remote sensing and mission support services;
- Building of Satellites (both Communication and Earth Observation) as per user requirements.
- Transfer of technology developed by ISRO centres/ units and constituent institutions of Dept. of Space;
- Marketing spin off technologies and products/ services emanating out of ISRO activities
- Consultancy services.

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