Lunar space station
Why in News?
- Russia and China unveiled plans for a joint lunar space station.
About the joint initiative
- The Russian space agency Roscomos said in a statement that it had signed an agreement with China’s National Space Administration (CNSA) to develop a complex of experimental research facilities created on the surface and/or in the orbit of the Moon.
- 2021 celebrates the 60th anniversary of Russia’s first-ever manned space flight — it sent Yuri Gagarin into space in April 1961, followed by the first woman, Valentina Tereshkova, two years later.
China’s recent space initiatives
- In 2020, it launched its Tianwen-1 probe to Mars that is currently orbiting Mars.
- And in December 2020, it successfully brought rock and soil samples from the Moon back to Earth, the first mission of this type in over 40 years.
Other players
- The U.S. space agency NASA has now set its sights on Mars, with its Perseverance rovers conducting their first test drive on the planet. NASA eventually intends to conduct a possible human mission to the planet, even if planning is still at a very preliminary stage.
- Under the Artemis programme NASA plans to land the first woman and the next man on the moon by 2024.
- Elon Musk’s SpaceX has become a key player in the modern space race and has announced plans to fly several members of the public to the Moon in 2023.
India’s upcoming missions
- Chandrayaan-3 2022- Mission repeat of Chandrayaan-2 with lander, rover and a propulsion module to attempt soft landing of lunar surface.
- Gaganyaan-2022-is an Indian crewed orbital spacecraft intended to be the basis of the Indian Human Spaceflight Programme. The spacecraft is being designed to carry three people, and a planned upgraded version will be equipped with rendezvous and docking capability.
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