Biosensors

Biosensors are devices used to detect the presence or concentration of a biological analyte, such as a biomolecule, a biological structure or a microorganism.
Biosensors consist of three parts: a component that recognizes the analyte and produces a signal, a signal transducer, and a reader device.

Scientists have developed new protein-based biosensors that glow when mixed with components of the novel coronavirus or specific COVID-19 antibodies, a breakthrough that could enable faster and more widespread testing for the disease.

Current coronavirus diagnosis relies mostly on a technique called RT-PCR, which amplifies genetic material from the virus so that it can be seen.
This technique requires specialised staff and equipment, and also consumes lab supplies that are now in high demand all over the world.
Antibody testing can reveal whether a person has had COVID-19 in the past. It is being used to track the spread of the pandemic, but it too requires complex laboratory supplies and equipment.

When mixed with fluid from a nasal swab or blood sample, these protein sensors emit light within minutes.
In order to directly detect coronavirus in patient samples without the need for genetic amplification, researchers used computers to design new biosensors.
These protein-based devices, recognise specific molecules on the surface of the virus, bind to them, then emit light through a biochemical reaction.
The researchers also created biosensors that glow when mixed with COVID-19 antibodies.

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