Sendai framework for disaster risk reduction 

• This framework was adopted at the Third UN World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction in Sendai, Japan in 2015.
• The framework aims to achieve the substantial reduction of disaster risk and losses in lives, livelihoods and health and in the economic, physical, social, cultural and environmental assets of persons, businesses, communities and countries over the next 15 years (2015-2030).
• It outlines seven clear targets and four priorities for action to prevent new and reduce existing disaster risks: 

1. Understanding disaster risk; 
2. Strengthening disaster risk governance to manage disaster risk; 
3. Investing in disaster reduction for resilience and; 
4. Enhancing disaster preparedness for effective response, and to “Build Back Better” in recovery, rehabilitation and reconstruction.

UN Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR)

• UNDRR oversees the implementation of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030, supporting countries in its implementation, monitoring and sharing what works in reducing existing risk and preventing the creation of new risk.
• It has headquarters at Geneva, Switzerland.

Why in the news?

• The UNDRR has released a report called ‘The Human Cost of Disasters 2000-2019’.
• It has assessed the natural disasters from 2000-2019 and produced that most of the disasters are due to climate change.
• According to the report, 7,348 major disaster events had occurred between 2000 and 2019, claiming 1.23 lives, affecting 4.2 billion people and costing the global economy some $2.97 trillion. The figure far outstrips the 4,212 major natural disasters recorded between 1980 and 1999.
• The report doesn’t include biological hazards and disease-related disasters like the coronavirus pandemic. 
• A rise in climate-related disasters, including extreme weather events like floods, drought and storms have been seen. Extreme heat has become a major cause for deaths.
• There has also been a rise in geo-physical events including earthquakes and tsunamis which have killed more people than any of the other natural hazards under review in this report.

References:

1. https://www.undrr.org/publication/sendai-framework-disaster-risk-reduction-2015-2030
2. https://www.undrr.org/about-undrr/where-we-work
3. https://www.thehindu.com/news/international/climate-change-to-blame-for-doubling-of-disasters/article32837772.ece
4. https://reliefweb.int/report/world/human-cost-disasters-overview-last-20-years-2000-2019